Most cyberattacks rely on automated scanning and exploitation of known vulnerabilities over large sets of targets. Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs) represent a more dangerous category, as they are perpetrated over long periods of time (even years) by groups of experts that leverage open source intelligence, social engineering techniques, standard protocols, encrypted communications and zero-day vulnerabilities to evade detection. Consequently, traditional defensive solutions that can identify standard malware, such as antivirus and signature-based detection systems, are ineffective against APTs. Dr. Pierazzi will present the main challenges that distinguish APTs from traditional attack detection and why existing and single-factor solutions are not sufficient for detecting and preventing them.